Māori are the second-largest ethnic group in New Zealand, after European New Zealanders (commonly known by the Māori name Pākehā). Political and economic redress for historical grievances is also ongoing (see Treaty of Waitangi claims and settlements). A number of socio-economic initiatives have been instigated with the aim of " closing the gaps" between Māori and other New Zealanders. They suffer higher levels of crime, health problems, imprisonment and educational under-achievement. However, disproportionate numbers of Māori face significant economic and social obstacles, and generally have lower life expectancies and incomes compared with other New Zealand ethnic groups. Traditional Māori culture has enjoyed a significant revival, which was further bolstered by a Māori protest movement that emerged in the 1960s. Įfforts have been made, centring on the Treaty of Waitangi, to increase the standing of Māori in wider New Zealand society and achieve social justice. A June 2022 estimate gives the Māori ethnic population of New Zealand as 892,200, or 17.2% of the total population. Social upheaval and epidemics of introduced disease took a devastating toll on the Māori population, which fell dramatically, but began to recover by the beginning of the 20th century. After the Treaty was declared a legal nullity in 1877, Māori were forced to assimilate into many aspects of Western culture. Rising tensions over disputed land sales led to conflict in the 1860s, and subsequent land confiscations, which Māori resisted fiercely. With the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840, the two cultures coexisted for a generation. Įarly contact between Māori and Europeans, starting in the 18th century, ranged from beneficial trade to lethal violence Māori actively adopted many technologies from the newcomers. Some early Māori moved to the Chatham Islands, where their descendants became New Zealand's other indigenous Polynesian ethnic group, the Moriori. Over several centuries in isolation, these settlers developed their own distinctive culture, whose language, mythology, crafts, and performing arts evolved independently from those of other eastern Polynesian cultures. Māori originated with settlers from East Polynesia, who arrived in New Zealand in several waves of canoe voyages between roughly 13.
Māori ( Māori: i) are the indigenous Polynesian people of mainland New Zealand ( Aotearoa).
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